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Qilian County (s=祁连县, ), in Tibetan Dhola County, is a county of Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai, China. The Haibei Qilian Airport is located in the county.
In the sixth year of the Han dynasty (201 AD), the Yuezhi was attacked and invaded by the Xiongnu kings and some of them moved to the Qilian Mountains. names in history are " Lesser Yuezhi".
In the year 121, Huo Qubing went and led his warriors to capture the Qilian Mountains, and the power of the Xiongnu and Yuezhi was greatly reduced in the Qilian Mountains, from then on the Yuezhi in the Qilian Mountains and the Huangshui River were subservient to the Han dynasty. Since then, Han Chinese have also settled in this area.
During the Eastern Han dynasty, the lesser Yuezhi, who lived in the present-day Nongniugoudi area of Qilian County, were influenced to evolve into the "Lushui Hu", and later, due to the influence of Han culture, they gradually integrated into the Han clan during the Northern Wei.
On October 1, 1949, the China was founded and the Chinese People's Liberation Army was stationed in the "Babao" area. Qilian was liberated and on September 13, 1951, the Qinghai Provincial People's Government changed Qilian County into a city under provincial jurisdiction. In 1952, the Qilian Autonomous Region People's Government was established and in 1980, Qilian County was restored to the People's Government and placed under the jurisdiction of Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture until today.
Qilian County contains a total of seven townships, which are Babao, Zhamashen, Yeniugou, Kekeli, Mole, Duolong, Ebao, and Aru. As well as a ranch in Haibei Prefecture Toller Ranch. The town of Babao is the economic and political center of Qilian County.
Qilian County is named after its location in the Qilian Mountains, "Qilian" means "Tian Shan" in Xiongnu language, and in ancient times it was the place where the Qiang people gathered.
Qilian County is in the middle part of the Qilian Mountains, the average altitude of 3169m, 4000m altitude above the alpine zone of snow all year round.The elevation of the county town is 2787m.
The average year-round temperature in the county is 1 Celsius, the climate type is Alpine climate, and the Precipitation is about 270～600. The climate is typical of a Alpine climate. Due to its geographical location, Qilian County is subject to humid air currents from the southeast monsoon in the summer and high pressure from Mongolia and dry and cold air currents from Siberia in the winter, resulting in large temperature differences and low temperatures.
The total number of rivers in the county is 247, the main rivers are Mole River, Black River, Babao River and Tuole River, with an annual Surface runoff of 2.322 billion Cubic metre.
| Towns | ||||||
| Babao Town (Zünmoxong Town) | 八宝镇 | 632222100 | ||||
| Obo Town (Karmar Town, Ebao Town) | 峨堡镇 | 632222101 | ||||
| Muri Town (Mole Town) | 默勒镇 | 632222102 | ||||
| Townships | ||||||
| Zhamashi Township (Zamar Township) | 扎麻什乡 | 632222200 | ||||
| Arig Township (Arou Township, or Aruk Township) | 阿柔乡 | 632222201 | ||||
| Yeniugou Township (Zhonglung Township, or Dronglong Village) | 野牛沟乡 | 632222202 | ||||
| Yanglung Township (Yanglong Township) | 央隆乡 | 632222203 | ||||
| Musk deer | Mammals, deer family, secrete musk, musk is a spice, Musk deer does not live in herds, herbivores, feed on moss, weeds, or grasses， It can produce a secretion called musk, which is a valuable herb in Chinese medicine. |
| Gymnocypris chilianensis | Produced in the Mole River, Babao River, Black River, mainly, to feed on aquatic insects, is a cold water freshwater fish. |
| Bharal | It is a phytophagous mountain mammal, belonging to the bovine family, Good at jumping, quick to move, Bharal edible. |
| Argali | Brownish-gray in color, with powerful limbs, it is found in the foothills of the highlands, migrating with the seasons, living and feeding in the grasslands and valleys in winter, and inhabiting the mountains in summer. |
| Grus nigricollis | A large wading bird with silvery gray plumage, it is one of the most recently discovered cranes in the world and is a protected species，Eat fish and shrimp in the water. |
| Steppe eagle | Fierce, preys on small animals and birds, active during the day, inhabits plains and mountain forests |
There are 369 species of plants in Qilian County, including those with medicinal value, such as Saussurea, cordyceps, rhubarb, bupleurum, astragalus,
| + !Altitude/m !plant cover | |
| 2769～2849 | Barley，Rapini， Stipa purpurea，Kobresia myosuroides Descurainia sophia， Ranunculus tanguticus， Dracocephalum heterophyl-lum ， Pedicularis verticillata ，Taraxacum Gueldenstaedtia，Medicago. |
| 2946～ 2997 | Agropyron cristatum, Poa annua, Dracocephalum heterophyl‐ lum, Ajuga lupulina, Ranunculus tanguticus. |
| 3062～3168 | Potentilla fruticosa，Myricaria paniculata，Polygo‐ num viviparum Polygonum macrophyllum Urtica hyperborea |
| 3435～3889 | Urtica hyperborea，Polygonum macrophyllum，Polygo‐ num viviparum，Myricaria paniculata，Salix cupularis，Potentilla fruticosa，Sibiraea angustata，Caragana jubata，Oxyt‐ ropis |
| 2931～3009 | Sabina przewalskii，Picea crassifolia，Dracocephalum heterophyl‐ lum，Taraxacum mongolicum，Agropyron cristatum |
2:Li, Jingzhong; Liu, Yongmei; Mo, Chonghui; Wang, Lei; Pang, Guowei; Cao, Mingming (2016-02-16). "IKONOS Image-Based Extraction of the Distribution Area of Stellera chamaejasme L. in Qilian County of Qinghai Province, China". Remote Sensing. 8 (2): 148. . .
3:刘, 宗广; 戴, 国华; 陈, 立同; 冯, 晓娟; 朱, 珊珊; 贺, 金生 (2016-06-01). "青藏高原高寒草地土壤中脂肪酸的分布特征" . SCIENTIA SINICA Terrae. 46 (6): 756–767. . .
4：Li, Leilei (2019). "The Community Characteristics and Monthly Variation Patterns of Butterfly Species in Qilian County, Qinghai Province, China". Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment. .
5： 天境祁连- 祁连具导游词 (in Chinese). Zhong Guo wen lian chu ban she. 2007. . (2025). 9787505955370, Zhongguo wen lian chu ban she. ISBN 9787505955370
7：Suonanduojie; 索南多杰 (2007). Li shi de hen ji : Qilian Xian di ming wen hua shi yi (Di 1 ban ed.). Beijing. . . (2025). 9787800579165 ISBN 9787800579165
8：YANG, Cheng-De; CHEN, Xiu-Rong; LONG, Rui-Jun; Xue, Li; ZHANG, Zhen-Fen (2009-12-25). "Distribution characteristics of soil carbon during forage greening in different alpine grasslands of Eastern Qilian Mountains". Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture. 17 (6): 1111–1116. . .
9:Li, Shuo; Zhe, hao Jiang; gang Zhang, De; nan Nie, Zhong; gang Chen, Jian; zhen Hu, Xin; Chen, Lu; ru Yuan, Zi; Ren, Ling (2016-08-20). "Distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon in northern slope of alpine meadow steppe in Qilian mountains in Qilian County, Qinghai Province" . Pratacultural Science. .
10:Zhao, yuanshun (2018-02-05). " 祁连县生态文化旅游的发展" The development of ecological and cultural tourism in Qilian County. QUN WEN TIAN DI.
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